metallurgy

The science that deals with procedures used in extracting metals from their ores, purifying and alloying metals, and creating useful objects from metals.

The study of metals and their properties in bulk and at the atomic level.

The science of smelting.

The art of working metals, comprehending the whole process of separating them from other matters in the ore, smelting, refining, and parting them; sometimes, in a narrower sense, only the process of extracting metals from their ores.

The science of metals; their extraction from ores, purification and alloying, heat treatment, and working.

the science and technology of metals